Cloudflare page: check the returned content (Python)
Check access to the expected content on the ScrapingCourse demonstration page. The result is one verification record rather than a product catalog.
Choose Python, paste the complete source from this article and set the run parameters below. The source for this collection is ScrapingCourse. This walkthrough applies to the specified demonstration page.
Example settings
{
"path": "/cloudflare-challenge",
"mode": "challenge",
"expected": 1
}
path selects the page, mode selects an algorithm branch, and expected sets the control count for this example. It is not a plan limit. When the source dataset changes, check the expected count against it.
How the algorithm works
- Select
/cloudflare-challengeand thechallengemode, which is separate from card collection. - Open the page with the browser SDK and the current
auto_captchavalue. The scenario checks the content returned by the page. - Read the
bodytext with DOM tools and normalize repeated whitespace and line breaks to one space. - Match the demonstration page success text using a case-insensitive expression with
bypassedvariants orCongratulations. - Only after a match, emit
namecontaining the page path andpassed: true. Use that path as the record key. - Close the browser in
finally. Product-card extraction and product-count comparison do not run inchallengemode.
Details that matter
Success depends on the control text of this particular page. expected: 1 describes one output record; this branch does not count products.
Python details
The Python SDK is sequential here: no async or await is needed. Method names use snake_case: without_cache, wait_for, wait_for_response. The nested collect uses a shared key set and returns the current HTML card count. finally calls page.close().
Expected output
This branch emits one record with name and passed. name is /cloudflare-challenge; passed is true only after matching the control text. The final seen count check is skipped for challenge mode.
Complete scenario source
The source is shared by this collection. This example runs its challenge branch using the parameters above. Copy the complete block into the Python editor; no fixed sign-in credentials or service keys need to be added.
import re
def run(ctx):
origin = "https://www.scrapingcourse.com"
path = str(ctx.param("path", "/pagination"))
mode = str(ctx.param("mode", "http"))
auto = ctx.param("auto_captcha", True) is not False
seen = set()
def collect(html):
dom = ctx.dom(html)
for card in dom.qa(".product-item, li.product"):
title = card.q(".product-name, .woocommerce-loop-product__title")
name = title.text().strip() if title else ""
link = card.q("a")
key = (link.attr("href") if link else "") or name
if not name or key in seen:
continue
price = card.q(".product-price, .price")
image = card.q("img")
seen.add(key)
ctx.emit({"name": name, "price": ctx.text().money(price.text() if price else ""),
"image": image.attr("src") if image else ""}, key)
return len(dom.qa(".product-item, li.product"))
if mode == "http":
url = origin + path
visited = set()
while url and len(visited) < 50:
if url in visited:
raise ValueError("Pagination returned an already processed page")
visited.add(url)
response = ctx.http().without_cache().get(url, auto)
if not response.ok():
raise ValueError("The source could not be opened: " + str(response.status))
html = response.body
collect(html)
next_url = ctx.dom(html).attr('a[rel="next"], a.next.page-numbers', "href")
url = ctx.url().absolutize(url, next_url) if next_url else None
if url:
raise ValueError("The pagination safety limit was reached")
else:
page = ctx.browser().open(origin + path, ["*/ajax/products*"], {}, auto)
try:
if mode == "login":
dom = ctx.dom(page.content())
hint = next((p.text() for p in dom.qa("p") if "Demo Credentials:" in p.text()), "")
password = re.search(r"Password:\s*([^\s|]+)", hint, re.I)
email_match = re.search(r"Email:\s*([^\s|]+@[^\s|]+)", hint, re.I)
email = email_match.group(1) if email_match else ""
encoded = dom.attr("[data-cfemail]", "data-cfemail")
if not email and encoded and len(encoded) > 2:
key = int(encoded[:2], 16)
email = "".join(chr(int(encoded[i:i + 2], 16) ^ key) for i in range(2, len(encoded), 2))
if not email or not password:
raise ValueError("The page does not contain demo credentials")
page.type("#email", email)
page.type("#password", password.group(1))
page.click('button[type="submit"]')
if mode == "challenge":
text = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", ctx.dom(page.content()).text("body") or "")
if not re.search(r"You (?:successfully )?bypassed|successfully bypassed|Congratulations", text, re.I):
raise ValueError("The expected page content was not received")
ctx.emit({"name": path, "passed": True}, path)
else:
page.wait_for(".product-name:not(:empty)", 15000)
if mode == "button":
complete = False
for step in range(30):
html = page.content()
before = ctx.dom(html)
collect(html)
button = before.q("#load-more-btn")
if not button or re.search(r"display:\s*none", button.attr("style") or ""):
complete = True
break
offset = button.attr("data-offset")
count = len(before.qa(".product-item"))
page.click("#load-more-btn")
response = page.wait_for_response("*offset=" + offset, 15000)
if not response or not 200 <= response["status"] < 300 or response["truncated"] or response["error"]:
raise ValueError("The next batch could not be loaded")
if not (response.get("body") or "").strip():
complete = True
break
page.wait_for(".product-item:nth-child(" + str(count + 1) + ")")
if not complete:
raise ValueError("The batch loading safety limit was reached")
if mode == "scroll":
stable, previous = 0, 0
for step in range(40):
page.scroll(3, 400)
count = collect(page.content())
stable = stable + 1 if count == previous else 0
previous = count
if stable >= 3:
break
if stable < 3:
raise ValueError("The feed is still loading: increase the scroll limit")
collect(page.content())
finally:
page.close()
expected = int(ctx.param("expected", 1))
if mode != "challenge" and len(seen) != expected:
raise ValueError("Incomplete result: " + str(len(seen)) + " instead of " + str(expected))
Related reading
Shared algorithm and parameters · HTTP requests · Browser actions · Find HTML elements